Monday, October 22, 2007

Barakah: The Abbyssinian Maid

The Story of Barakah (Umm Aiman)

In the Name of Allāh, Most Gracious, Most Merciful;
All praise and thanks are due to Allāh, May Allāh blessings and peace be upon His Messenger.



A Slave Girl

The background of Barakah
(radiallāhu`anha) was not known but the young Abyssinian girl was ended up for sale in Makkah. There were many like her, boys and girls, Arabs and non-Arabs, who were captured and brought to the market in the city to be sold as slave. A terrible fate awaited for some who ended up in the hands of cruel masters or mistresses who exploited their labor to the full and treated them with the utmost harshness. Only a few were rather more fortunate who were taken into the homes of more gentle and caring people.

The Maid of Aminah.

This was the case of Barakah
(radiallāhu`anha), the young Abyssinian girl. She was saved by the generosity and kindness of Abdullah, the son of Abdul Muttalib. She became the only servant in his household and when he was married to the lady Aminah; she later looked after her affairs.

Two weeks after the couple were married, according to Barakah; Abdullah's father came to their house and instructed his son to go with a trading caravan that was leaving for Syria. Aminah was deeply distressed and cried: "How strange! How strange! How can my husband go on a trading journey to Syria while I am yet a bride and the traces of henna are still on my hands?"

Abdullah's departure was heartbreaking. In her anguish, Aminah fainted. Soon after he left, Barakah
(radiallāhu`anha) said: "When I saw Aminah unconscious, I shouted in distress and pain: 'O my lady!' Aminah opened her eyes and looked at me with tears streaming down her face. Suppressing a groan she said: "Take me to bed, Barakah." "Aminah stayed bedridden for a sometime. She spoke to no one. Neither did she look at anyone who visited her except Abdul Muttalib, that noble and gentle old man. "

Two months after the departure of Abdullah, Aminah called me at dawn one morning and, her face beaming with joy, she said to me: "O Barakah! I have seen a strange dream." "Is it something good, my lady!" I said. "I saw lights coming from my abdomen lighting up the mountains, the hills and the valleys around Makkah." "Do you feel pregnant, my lady?" "Yes, Barakah," she replied. "But I do not feel any discomfort as other women feel." "You shall give birth to a blessed child who will bring goodness!" I said.

As Abdullah was away, Aminah remained sad and melancholic. Barakah stayed at her side trying to comfort her and make her cheerful by talking to her and relating stories.

Aminah however became even more distressed when Abdul Muttalib came and told her she had to leave her home and go to the mountains as other Makkans had done because of an impending attack on the city by the ruler of Yemen, someone called Abrahah. Aminah told him that she was too grief-stricken and weak to leave for the mountains but insisted that Abrahah could never enter Makkah and destroy the Ka’abah because it was protected by the Lord. Abdul Muttalib became very agitated but there was no sign of fear on Aminah's face. She was confidence that the Ka’abah would not be harmed was well-founded.

As she believed Abrahah's army with an elephant in the vanguard was destroyed before it could enter Makkah.

Day and night, Barakah stayed closed to Aminah. She said: "I slept at the foot of her bed and heard her groans at night as she called for her absent husband. Her moans would awaken me and I would try to comfort her and give her courage."

The first part of the caravan from Syria returned and was joyously welcomed by the trading families of Makkah. Barakah went secretly to the house of Abdul Muttalib to find out about Abdullah but had no news of him. She went back to Aminah but did not tell her what she had seen or heard in order not to distress her. The entire caravan eventually returned but not with Abdullah.

Later, Barakah was at Abdul Muttalib's house when news came from Yathrib that Abdullah had died. She said: "I screamed when I heard the news. I don't know what I did after that except that I ran home shouting, lamenting for the absent one who would never return, lamenting for the beloved one for whom we waited so long, lamenting for the most beautiful youth of Makkah, for Abdullah, the pride of the Quraish.

"When Aminah heard the painful news, she fainted and I stayed by her bedside while she was in a state between life and death. There was no one else but me in Aminah's house. I nursed her and looked after her during the day and through the long nights until she gave birth to her child, "Muhammad", on a night in which the heavens were resplendent with the light of God."

When Muhammad was born, Barakah was the first to hold him in her arms. His grandfather came and took him to the Ka’bah and with all Makkah, celebrated his birth. Barakah stayed with Aminah while Muhammad was sent to the bādiyah with the lady Halimah who looked after him in the bracing atmosphere of the open desert.

At the end of five years, he was brought back to Makkah and Aminah received him with tenderness and love and Barakah welcomed him "with joy, longing and admiration".

Barakah accompanied Aminah To Yathrib

When Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) was six years old, his mother decided to visit the grave of her husband, Abdullah, in Yathrib. Both Barakah and Abdul Muttalib tried to dissuade her. Aminah however was determined. So one morning they set off Aminah, Muhammad and Barakah huddled together in a small hawdaj mounted on a large camel, part of a huge caravan that was going to Syria. In order to shield the tender child from any pain and worry, Aminah did not tell Muhammad that she was going to visit the grave of his father. The caravan went at a brisk pace. Barakah tried to console Aminah for her son's sake and much of the time the boy Muhammad slept with his arms around Barakah's neck.

The caravan took ten days to reach Yathrib. The boy Muhammad was left with his maternal uncles of the Banu Najjar while Aminah went to visit the grave of Abdullah. Each day for a few weeks she stayed at the grave. She was consumed by grief.

On the way back to Makkah, Aminah became seriously ill with fever. Halfway between Yathrib and Makkah, at a place called Al-Abwa, they stopped. Aminah's health deteriorated rapidly. One pitch dark night, she was running a high temperature. The fever had got to her head and she called out to Barakah in a choking voice. Barakah related: "She whispered in my ear: 'O Barakah, I shall be departing from this world shortly. I commend my son Muhammad to your care. He lost his father while he was in my abdomen. Here he is now, losing his mother under his very eyes. Be a mother to him, Barakah. And don't ever leave him.' "My heart was shattered and I began to sob and wail. The child was distressed by my wailing and began to weep. He threw himself into his mother's arms and held tightly onto her neck. She gave one last moan and then was forever silent." Barakah wept. She wept bitterly.

The Death of Aminah

With her own hands she dug a grave in the sand and buried Aminah, moistening the grave with whatever tears were left in her heart.

Barakah returned with the orphan child, Muhammad
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) to Makkah and placed him in the care of his grandfather. She stayed at his house to look after him. When Abdul Muttalib died two years later, she went with the child to the house of his uncle Abu Talib bin Abdul Muttalib and continued to look after his needs until he was grown up and married the lady Khadijah.

Barakah then stayed with Muhammad
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) and Khadijah (radiallahu’anha) in a house belonging to Khadijah. "I never left him and he never left me," she said.

Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) Called Barakah My Mother

One day Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), called out to her and said: "Ya Ummah!" (He always called her "Mother".) "Now I am a married man, and you are still unmarried. What do you think if someone should come now and ask to marry you?" Barakah looked at Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) and said: "I shall never leave you. Does a mother abandon her son?" Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) smiled and kissed her head. He looked at his wife Khadijah and said to her: "This is Barakah. This is my mother after my own mother. She is the rest of my family."

Barakah Married Ubaid Ibn Zaid.

Barakah looked at the lady Khadijah who said to her: "Barakah, you have sacrificed your youth for the sake of Muhammad. Now he wants to pay back some of his obligations to you. For my sake and his, agree to be married before old age overtakes you." "Whom shall I marry, my lady?" asked Barakah. "There is here now Ubaid ibn Zaid from the Khazraj tribe of Yathrib. He has come to us seeking your hand in marriage. For my sake, don't refuse." Barakah agreed. She married Ubaid ibn Zaid and went with him to Yathrib. There she gave birth to a son whom she called Aiman and from that time onwards people called her "Umm Aiman" the mother of Aiman.

Her marriage however did not last very long. Her husband died and she returned once more to Makkah to live with her "son" Muhammad in the house of the lady Khadijah. Living in the same household at the time were Ali ibn Abi Talib, Hind (Khadijah's daughter by her first husband), and Zaid ibn Harithah.

Zaid was an Arab from the tribe of Kalb who was captured as a boy and brought to Makkah to be sold in the slave market. He was bought by Khadijah's nephew and put in her service. In Khadijah's household, Zaid became attached to Muhammad
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) and devoted himself to his service. Their relationship was like that of a son to a father. Indeed when Zaid's father came to Makkah in search of him, Zaid was given the choice by Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) of either going with his father or staying with him. Zaid's reply to his father was: "I shall never leave this man. He has treated me nobly, as a father would treat his son. Not a single day has I felt that I am a slave. He has looked after me well. He is kind and loving towards me and strives for my enjoyment and happiness. He is the most noble of men and the greatest person in creation. How can I leave him and go with you? I shall never leave him." Later, in public Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) proclaimed the freedom of Zaid. However, Zaid continued to live with him as part of his household and devoted himself to his service.

When Muhammad
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) was blessed with Prophethood, Barakah and Zaid were among the first to accept the message he proclaimed. They bore with the early Muslims the persecution which the Quraish meted out to them.

Barakah and Zaid performed invaluable services to the mission of the Prophet
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam). They acted as part of an intelligence service exposing themselves to the persecution and punishment of the Quraish and risking their lives to gain information on the plans and conspiracies of the mushrikin. One night the mushrikun blocked off the roads leading to the House of Al-Arqam where the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) gathered his companions regularly to instruct them in the teachings of Islam. Barakah had some urgent information from Khadijah which had to be conveyed to the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam). She risked her life trying to reach the House of Al-Arqam.

Barakah Marriage to Zaid ibn Harithah

When she arrived and conveyed the message to the Prophet
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), he smiled and said to her: "You are blessed, Umm Aiman. Surely you have a place in Paradise." When Umm Aiman left, the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) looked at his companions and asked: "Should one of you desire to marry a woman from the people of Paradise, let him marry Umm Aiman." Ali the companions remained silent and did not utter a word. Umm Aiman was neither beautiful nor attractive. She was by now about fifty years old and looked rather frail.

Zaid ibn Al-Harithah
(radiallāhu`anhu) however came forward and said: "Messenger of Allah, I shall marry Umm Aiman. By Allah, she is better than women who have grace and beauty."

Zaid and Umm Aiman were married and were blessed with a son whom they named Usamah ibn Zaid
(radiallāhu`anhu). The Prophet, (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), loved Usamah as his own son. Often he played with him, kissed him and fed him with his own hands. The Muslims would say: "He is the beloved son of the beloved." From an early age Usamah ibn Zaid (radiallāhu`anhu) distinguished himself in the service of lslam, and was later given weighty responsibilities by the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam).

When the Prophet
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) migrated to Yathrib, henceforth to be known as Al-Madinah, he left Umm Aiman behind in Makkah to look after certain special affairs in his household. Eventually she migrated to Madinah on her own. She made the long and difficult journey through the desert and mountainous terrain on foot. The heat was killing and sandstorms obscured the way but she persisted, borne along by her deep love and attachment for Muhammad (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam).

When she reached Madinah, her feet were sore and swollen and her face was covered with sand and dust. "Ya Umm Aiman! Ya Ummi! (O Umm Aiman! O my mother!) Indeed for you is a place in Paradise!" exclaimed the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), when he saw her. He wiped her face and eyes, massaged her feet and rubbed her shoulders with his kind and gentle hands.

At Madinah, Umm Aiman
(radiallāhu`anha) played her full part in the affairs of the Muslims. At Uhud she distributed water to the thirsty and tended the wounded. She accompanied the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), on some expeditions, to Khaibar and Hunain for example. Her son Aiman ibn Ubaid(radiallāhu`anhu) , a devoted companion of the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), was martyred at Hunain in the eighth year after the Hijrah. Barakah's husband, Zaid ibn Harithah(radiallāhu`anhu), was killed at the Battle of Mutah in Syria after a lifetime of distinguished service to the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), and Islam. Barakah at this time was about seventy years old and spent much of her time at home. The Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam),, accompanied by Abu Bakar As-Siddiq and Umar Al-Khattab (radiallāhu`anhum) often visited her and asked: "Ya Ummi! Are you well?" and she would reply: "I am well, O Messenger of Allah so long as Islam is."

After the Prophet
(Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) had died, Barakah
(radiallāhu`anha) would often be found with tears in her eyes. She was once asked, "Why are you crying?" and she replied: "By Allah, I knew that the Messenger of Allah (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam) would die but I cry now because the revelation from on high has come to an end for us."

Barakah
(radiallāhu`anha) was unique in that she was the only one who was so close to the Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), throughout his life from birth till death. Her life was one of selfless service in the Prophet's (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam), household. She remained deeply devoted to the person of the noble, gentle and caring Prophet (Sallallāhu 'alaihi wa sallam). Above all, her devotion to the religion of Islam was strong and unshakable. She died during the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan(radiallāhu`anhu). Her roots were unknown but her place in Paradise was assured.


[Via Ummnurah]

No comments: